Cumberland, Rhode Island, is embarking on a crucial mission to safeguard its rich historical heritage by meticulously documenting its extensive network of stone walls. This initiative, driven by the town's Historic District Commission, aims to protect these ancient structures from the encroaching threat of development. With an estimated 160 miles of stone walls, Cumberland is just one of many towns in New England grappling with the preservation of these historic landmarks.
The town's endeavor is a response to the alarming rate at which these stone walls are disappearing. According to renowned stone wall expert Robert Thorson, New England once boasted an astonishing 240,000 miles of stone walls, enough to encircle the Earth ten times. However, the current state of affairs is dire, with only half of these walls potentially remaining. This crisis has sparked a sense of urgency among preservationists and historians alike.
Cumberland's plan involves a comprehensive inventory, meticulously documenting the walls' structure, construction, materials, age, and historical significance. This data will be crucial in assessing the walls' condition, identifying potential threats, and determining their eligibility for preservation programs. The town aims to classify the walls using a recognized system, revealing spatial patterns that offer insights into the town's historical land use and development.
The project's significance extends beyond mere documentation. It will culminate in the creation of a detailed stone wall overlay on Cumberland's GIS portal, providing a visual representation of the town's historical landscape. Additionally, it will establish an eligibility list for a Historic Stone Wall Preservation Program, which could offer tax credits to property owners, ensuring the walls' long-term survival.
The town has allocated $10,500 for this endeavor, funded by the Rhode Island Historical Preservation & Heritage Commission, the National Park Service, and the U.S. Department of the Interior. The process has already attracted interest, with two firms responding to the town's request by the July 1 deadline. The town aims to award a contract soon, with the consultant starting work in August, training staff in January, and delivering the final report by June 2027.
This initiative is a testament to Cumberland's commitment to preserving its unique identity and historical legacy. As Thorson aptly notes, stone walls are not just physical structures but also embody the essence of New England's history, environment, and cultural identity. By safeguarding these walls, Cumberland is not only protecting its past but also ensuring a brighter future for generations to come.
